Solid phase microextraction.

HCl- Etched Steel Fiber for Determination of Phthalates in Water Samples by Solid-Phase Microextraction

In the present work, a stainless steel wire was etched by hydrochloric acid during a chemical etching process. The obtained black layer on the surface of the fiber was used as sorbent for extraction of trace amount of phthalates in the aqueous samples by solid phase microextraction. New fiber efficiency was investigated using a home-made solid-phase microextraction (SPME) device and gas chr...

Ultrasonic and Cooling Approaches for Reinforcement of the Microextraction Methods

Since solid-phase and liquid-phase microextraction (SPME and LPME) were introduced, as effective solvent-free methods, many efforts have been made to improve their modes and applications. However, due to limitations with sensitivity and efficiency, researchers have focused on improving the performance of their basic primary modes. In this way, in recent years, different methods such as ultrason...

Comparison of Head Space Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) and Hydro-distillation (HD) Techniques in Determination of Essential Oils in Fritillaria imperialis

Background: Fritillaria imperialis is an endangered species with pharmaceutical alkaloids that can be effective in reducing blood pressure and reducing cardiac palpitations.   Objective: Comparison of head space solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and hydro-distillation (HD) techniques in determination of essential oils in Fritillaria imperialis Methods: Quality and quantity determination o...

Application of Polypyrrole Coated Stainless-Steel Wire to the Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction of Aliphatic Amines

The electrochemical coating technique was used for the preparation of a polypyrrole coating on a stainless-steel wire, and applied as a fibre for solid phase microextraction (SPME). The polypyrrole fibre was employed for analyzing four volatile aliphatic amines (ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine and pentylamine) in water by headspace SPME using gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (G...

Applications of liquid-phase microextraction in the sample preparation of environmental solid samples.

Solvent extraction remains one of the fundamental sample preparation techniques in the analysis of environmental solid samples, but organic solvents are toxic and environmentally harmful, therefore one of the possible greening directions is its miniaturization. The present review covers the relevant research from the field of application of microextraction to the sample preparation of environme...

Volatile constituents of fruit pulp of Strychnos cocculoides (Baker) growing in Malawi using solid phase microextraction